Abstract—This study investigated the changes in HIV and syphilis prevalence rates amongst Generation (Gen) X black African women attending antenatal clinics across the nine provinces of the Republic of South during the years 2001 to 2010. Gen X women were defined to be individuals born during the period 1961 to 1981. In South Africa, the Gen X period was characterized by numerous social protests, academic boycotts and Soweto student uprisings of 1976. A democratic government was elected in 1994, resulting in major changes in social and economic circumstances of most South Africans. The new government promoted free education resulting in a major change in the demographics of the country’s public service. Amongst the new working and middle class, sociological literature reports a remarkable increase in materialism and consumerism. However, the social privileges of a few existed hand-in-glove with unprecedented levels of youth unemployment. Youths from impoverished backgrounds found it increasingly difficult to attain a descent education. Most of these youths grew in homes characterized by physical violence and emotional abuse. In view of the widely held tenet that a generation is one of the fundamental social classifications in a society, this research aims to examine trends in HIV and Syphilis amongst Generation X black African women attending antenatal clinics in South Africa.